The relevance of researching the opportunities and potential threats posed by the spread of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning technologies is determined by their impact on economic processes and social structures in different countries worldwide. These technologies open new business opportunities at all levels, including optimising production processes, developing human resources, data analytics and forecasting. However, with the growth of AI applications, corresponding risks also increase, which can affect economic resilience and social security. Considering these aspects within this research is critically important for understanding and effectively managing the impact of artificial intelligence on modern global challenges and opportunities. The research aims to analyse the impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on modern society’s economic development and social structures. It also aims to determine the impact of these technologies on the socio-economic aspects of various countries, including ethical aspects of data usage, cybersecurity and sustainable development in the context of their implementation in modern society. During the research, general scientific methods of cognition were used, namely literature analysis, statistical data analysis, comparative analysis, systematisation and generalisation methods. In addition, correlation analysis was applied to determine the relationship between GDP volume and Total Government AI Readiness. The results of the analysis, conducted in the JASP program using the “Correlation” tool, helped determine the strength and nature of the relationship between AI readiness and economic development indicators in different regions. The research found that Government AI Readiness statistically impacts economic development in different geographical regions. In particular, a moderate positive correlation was established between GDP and

the overall readiness score (Total Score, r = 0.265), as well as for aspects such as government readiness (r = 0.278), technology sector (r = 0.310) and data infrastructure (r = 0.183). The results highlight the importance of these relationships for understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on the modern global economic environment.